{"id":357,"date":"2020-06-18T20:13:38","date_gmt":"2020-06-18T12:13:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.gdyhsys.com\/?p=357"},"modified":"2023-03-10T17:52:06","modified_gmt":"2023-03-10T09:52:06","slug":"lean-testing","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.gdyhsys.com\/2020\/06\/18\/lean-testing\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7cbe\u76ca\u6d4b\u8bd5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u672c\u6587\u9996\u53d1\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4eba\u7f51\u7ad9\u300c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.gdyhsys.com\/2020\/06\/18\/lean-testing\/\">BY\u6797\u5b50<\/a>\u300d\uff0c\u8f6c\u8f7d\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003<a href=\"http:\/\/www.gdyhsys.com\/copyright-statement\/\" title=\"\u7248\u6743\u58f0\u660e\">\u7248\u6743\u58f0\u660e<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u4f60\u4eec\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5f00\u53d1\u6bd4\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff1f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5168\u9636\u6bb5\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u53ef\u80fd\u5fd9\u7684\u8fc7\u6765\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u5168\u9636\u6bb5\u90fd\u5728\u6d4b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u54ea\u4e9b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u624d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8d28\u91cf\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8986\u76d6\u7387\u8981\u6c42\u8fbe\u523099%\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u6709\u6613\u7528\u6027\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u524d\u9762\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u4eba\u95ee\u5230\uff0c\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u6bd4\u8f83\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u662f\u67d0\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u8981\u6c42\u3002\u5206\u522b\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4eba\u5458\u5982\u4f55\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6d3b\u52a8\u5982\u4f55\u5f00\u5c55\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8986\u76d6\u7387\u8be5\u662f\u591a\u5c11\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u90fd\u8ddf\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8981\u8bb2\u7684\u7cbe\u76ca\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6709\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>01. \u7cbe\u76ca\u751f\u4ea7<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7cbe\u76ca\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4e86\u89e3\u7cbe\u76ca\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u7cbe\u76ca\u751f\u4ea7\u4ece\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5bf9\u4e8e\u201c<strong>\u7cbe\u76ca\u751f\u4ea7<\/strong>\u201d\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u7cbe\u76ca\u751f\u4ea7\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u4e30\u7530\u751f\u4ea7\u65b9\u5f0f(TPS)\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e30\u7530\u4e3b\u4e49 (Toyotism)\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u52301990\u5e74\u95f4\u624d\u79f0\u4e3a\u7cbe\u76ca\u751f\u4ea7\u3002\u7cbe\u76ca\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u5e93\u5b58\u91cf\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\uff0c\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u201cJust in time\u201d\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u9700\u8981\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6309\u9700\u8981\u7684\u91cf\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u6700\u5c11\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u521b\u9020\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>02. \u7cbe\u76ca\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h3>\n<p>\u654f\u6377\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de6\u79fb\u3001\u5168\u7a0b\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5feb\u901f\u53cd\u9988\u3001\u964d\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ea4\u4ed8\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u628a\u7cbe\u76ca\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5f15\u5165\u654f\u6377\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u51cf\u5c11\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\uff0c\u8ba9\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ef7\u503c\u6700\u5927\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7cbe\u76ca\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n<p>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8981\u505a\u5230\u7cbe\u76ca\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u660e\u767d\uff1a<strong>\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e00\u5473\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8986\u76d6\u7387\uff0c\u5927\u800c\u5168\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8986\u76d6\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6d6a\u8d39\uff0c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u66f4\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u624b\u5de5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fd8\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u5148\u641e\u6e05\u695a\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4e1a\u52a1\u98ce\u9669\u6765\u6267\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u91cd\u70b9\u6d4b\uff0c\u800c\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4f4e\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8986\u76d6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u201c\u4e8c\u516b\u539f\u5219\u201d\uff0c80%\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u5728\u5176\u4e2d20%\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed680%\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757\u53ea\u5360\u670920%\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u89c6\u540c\u4ec1\uff0c\u8ffd\u6c42\u5168\u9762\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u82b1\u8d39\u5927\u91cf\u7cbe\u529b\u5728\u90a380%\u7684\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6a21\u5757\u4e0a\uff0c\u5fc5\u7136\u9020\u6210\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\u5730\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ffd\u6c42\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8986\u76d6\u7387\uff0c\u8ffd\u6c42\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u4e8b\u534a\u529f\u500d\uff0c\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684ROI\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6070\u5230\u597d\u5904\u5f88\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u5e26\u7740bug\u4e0a\u7ebf\u4e5f\u8bb8\u662f\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5173\u952e\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u5173\u751f\u547d\u5b89\u5371\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8d28\u91cf\u8981\u6c42\u4f1a\u7279\u522b\u9ad8\uff0c\u5168\u9762\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8986\u76d6\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6070\u5230\u597d\u5904\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u662f\u7cbe\u76ca\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7cbe\u76ca\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\uff1a<strong>\u4ee5\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ef7\u503c\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c3d\u91cf\u5c11\u7684\u6210\u672c\u4ea4\u4ed8\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6d4b\u5728\u80fd\u4f53\u73b0\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u70b9\u4e0a\uff0c\u505a\u5230\u6709\u6548\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4>\u7cbe\u76ca\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u7cbe\u9ad3<\/h4>\n<p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u7cbe\u76ca\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7cbe\u76ca\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u7cbe\u9ad3\u603b\u7ed3\u4e3a<strong>TAT<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u65f6\uff08<strong>T<\/strong>ime\uff09\u3001\u9002\u91cf\uff08<strong>A<\/strong>mount\uff09\u3001\u7cbe\u51c6\uff08<strong>T<\/strong>arget\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><br \/>\n\u7cbe\u76ca\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u9002\u65f6\uff08T\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u654f\u6377\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8981\u6c42\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5168\u7a0b\u53c2\u4e0e\uff0c\u8ba9\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6d3b\u52a8\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u654f\u6377\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u800c\u8ba9\u6bcf\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5b83\u6700\u8be5\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65f6\u523b\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u9002\u65f6\u201d\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff1a\u5f00\u53d1\u524d\u5bf9\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u786e\u8ba4\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4ee3\u7801\u63d0\u4ea4\u524d\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u90e8\u7f72\u540e\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u505a\u7684\u5192\u70df\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u9002\u91cf\uff08A\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8986\u76d6\u7387\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8d8a\u9ad8\u8d8a\u597d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6709\u56e2\u961f\u8981\u6c4299%\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8986\u76d6\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u6548\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u82b1\u8d39\u592a\u591a\u7cbe\u529b\u53bb\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u91cd\u8981\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u662f\u90a3\u4e48\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5f97\u4e0d\u507f\u5931\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5efa\u8bae\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u624b\u52a8\u8fd8\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u9002\u91cf\u5c31\u597d\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u98ce\u9669\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u5f3a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8986\u76d6\u91cf\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e00\u5473\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u9ad8\u8986\u76d6\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6743\u8861\u5229\u5f0a\uff0c\u628a\u65f6\u95f4\u82b1\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u7cbe\u76ca\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u505a\u7528\u6237\u6545\u4e8b\u9a8c\u6536\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6d4b\u5230\u591a\u7ec6\u4e00\u76f4\u662f\u4e2a\u6709\u4e89\u8bae\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u4e3b\u8981\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e9b\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u70b9\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u70b9\u5305\u62ec\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u8def\u5f84\u3001IE\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u3001\u9ad8\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u7b49\u3002\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6545\u4e8b\u9a8c\u6536\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8986\u76d6\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8fb9\u89d2\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6bd5\u7adf\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e09\u65b9\u51d1\u4e00\u8d77\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u8981\u5c3d\u91cf\u77ed\u4e9b\u624d\u597d\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u7684\u56e2\u961f\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6545\u4e8b\u9a8c\u6536\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u9a8c\u6536\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u7b49\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u505a\u5230\u5c3d\u91cf\u9ad8\u6548\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u56e2\u961f\u9700\u6c42\u6765\u5c31\u597d\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u5343\u7bc7\u4e00\u5f8b\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u7cbe\u51c6\uff08T\uff09<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7cbe\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6307\u6839\u636e\u4ee3\u7801\u6539\u52a8\u6240\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u53bb\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u800c\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bf4\u7684\u7cbe\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8303\u56f4\u66f4\u5e7f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u57fa\u4e8e\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u98ce\u9669\u53ef\u80fd\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u4e1a\u52a1\u548c\u67b6\u6784\u5c42\u9762\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u4ee3\u7801\u6539\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u8ddf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7279\u70b9\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u9879\u76ee\u56e0\u7d20\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u6267\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e4b\u524d\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5206\u6790\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f2\u76ee\u7684\u53bb\u6d4b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>03. \u7cbe\u76ca\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u6846\u67b6<\/h3>\n<p>\u7cbe\u76ca\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6307\u5bfc\u6846\u67b6\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\uff1a<strong>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u56db\u8c61\u9650<\/strong>\u548c<strong>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5206\u5c42<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u5206\u522b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u56db\u8c61\u9650<\/h4>\n<p>\u654f\u6377\u6d4b\u8bd5\u56db\u8c61\u9650\u6700\u65e9\u7531<a href=\"http:\/\/www.exampler.com\/old-blog\/2003\/08\/22\/#agile-testing-project-2\">Brian Marick<\/a>\u63d0\u51fa\uff0cLisa Crispin\u548cJanet Gregory\u5728\u4e66\u7c4d<a href=\"http:\/\/book.douban.com\/subject\/5338399\/\">\u300a\u654f\u6377\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4eba\u5458\u4e0e\u654f\u6377\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u6307\u5357\u300b<\/a>\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56db\u8c61\u9650\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u5e76\u505a\u4e86\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8be5\u8c61\u9650\u6846\u67b6\u6240\u8d77\u5230\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u654f\u6377\u7684\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u56db\u8c61\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u56db\u8c61\u9650\u6d4b\u8bd5\u56db\u8c61\u9650\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u5de6\u53f3\u4e24\u4fa7\u6307\u7684\u662f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u652f\u6301\u56e2\u961f\u548c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u800c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u6307\u7684\u662f\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9762\u5411\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4e3a\u9762\u5411\u4e1a\u52a1\u548c\u9762\u5411\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u652f\u6301\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5de6\u4fa7\u652f\u6301\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u7528\u6765\u544a\u8bc9\u56e2\u961f\u8981\u5199\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u8d77\u5230\u660e\u786e\u9700\u6c42\u3001\u8f85\u52a9\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u8c61\u9650\u662f\u9762\u5411\u6280\u672f\u7684\u652f\u6301\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6784\u5efa\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4ee3\u7801\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u4fdd\u969c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548cAPI\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b49\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8c61\u9650\u5219\u662f\u9762\u5411\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u652f\u6301\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4ece\u66f4\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u4ee5\u4e1a\u52a1\u4e13\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u786e\u5b9a\u7cfb\u7edf\u671f\u671b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u56e2\u961f\u6f84\u6e05\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8c61\u9650\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u63d0\u4f9b\u53cd\u9988\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u65e2\u6307\u5bfc\u4e86\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u53c8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u91cd\u6784\u548c\u65b0\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u671f\u671b\u884c\u4e3a\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7f51\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5f97\u5de6\u4fa7\u9762\u5411\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4ea7\u751f\u5ba2\u6237\u771f\u6b63\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u7b2c\u4e09\u3001\u7b2c\u56db\u8c61\u9650\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u8c61\u9650\u662f\u9762\u5411\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u4eff\u771f\u5b9e\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u786e\u8ba4\u662f\u5426\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\uff1b\u7b2c\u56db\u8c61\u9650\u662f\u9762\u5411\u6280\u672f\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u91c7\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6765\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7b49\u975e\u529f\u80fd\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u5468\u671f\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u8981\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u5f00\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8c61\u9650\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5e94\u8be5\u53cd\u9988\u5230\u8c61\u9650\u77e9\u9635\u7684\u5de6\u4fa7\uff0c\u5e76\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6765\u9a71\u52a8\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u826f\u6027\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\u73af\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8c61\u9650\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8c61\u9650\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u8ddf\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6267\u884c\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u654f\u6377\u5f00\u53d1\u5f80\u5f80\u5f00\u59cb\u4e8e\u5ba2\u6237\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff08\u9762\u5411\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff09\u3002\u4e0e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u673a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u901a\u5e38\u6709\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ea7\u54c1\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u98ce\u9669<\/li>\n<li>\u5ba2\u6237\u65b9\u5bf9\u4ea7\u54c1\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u8981\u6c42<\/li>\n<li>\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u9057\u7559\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8fd8\u662f\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf<\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u5229\u7528\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8d44\u6e90\u7b49<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8c61\u9650\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u9700\u8981\u54ea\u4e9b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6765\u4fdd\u969c\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u601d\u8003\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9879\u76ee\u5177\u4f53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href=\"http:\/\/martinfowler.com\/articles\/microservice-testing\/#conclusion-summary\">Martin Fowler\u7f51\u7ad9<\/a>\u4e0a\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5206\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u56fe\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5206\u5c42\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5206\u5c42\u4ece\u56fe\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u51e0\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6240\u80fd\u8986\u76d6\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5927\u5c0f\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5206\u5c42\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u4e3a\u719f\u6089\u7684\u662f<a href=\"http:\/\/martinfowler.com\/bliki\/TestPyramid.html\">\u6d4b\u8bd5\u91d1\u5b57\u5854<\/a>\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u5448\u73b0\u7684\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u79cd\u7c7b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u591a\u5c11\uff0c\u5e95\u5c42\u5355\u5143\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u8d8a\u5f80\u4e0a\u5c42\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8d8a\u5c11\uff0c\u5448\u73b0\u4e3a\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u6280\u672f\u67b6\u6784\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7279\u70b9\u3001\u8d28\u91cf\u8981\u6c42\u3001\u56e2\u961f\u6280\u80fd\u6c34\u5e73\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5c3d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u90fd\u662f\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u7684\u8702\u5de2\u7ed3\u6784\u6216\u8005\u751c\u7b52\u51b0\u6dc7\u6dcb\u7ed3\u6784\u90fd\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u8702\u5de2\u548c\u751c\u7b52\u51b0\u6dc7\u6dcb\u4e0d\u7ba1\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u6bcf\u5c42\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6709\u7740\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002\u8d8a\u5f80\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8d8a\u63a5\u8fd1\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u7f16\u5199\u6210\u672c\u66f4\u4f4e\u3001\u6267\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u66f4\u5feb\u3001\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u4e5f\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u79bb\u4e1a\u52a1\u8f83\u8fdc\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ef7\u503c\uff1b\u8d8a\u5f80\u4e0a\u5c42\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8d8a\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e1a\u52a1\uff0c\u66f4\u80fd\u53cd\u5e94\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u7740\u4e0d\u591f\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u6267\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u6162\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u6210\u672c\u8f83\u9ad8\u3001\u95ee\u9898\u5b9a\u4f4d\u96be\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6743\u8861\u5229\u5f0a\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u9879\u76ee\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u6bcf\u5c42\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>04. 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