{"id":79,"date":"2016-06-13T10:57:51","date_gmt":"2016-06-13T02:57:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.gdyhsys.com\/?p=79"},"modified":"2023-03-10T17:48:32","modified_gmt":"2023-03-10T09:48:32","slug":"qa-in-production","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.gdyhsys.com\/2016\/06\/13\/qa-in-production\/","title":{"rendered":"\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53f3\u79fb\u2014\u2014\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684QA"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u672c\u6587\u9996\u53d1\u4e8e\u300c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.gdyhsys.com\/2016\/06\/13\/qa-in-production\/?swcfpc=1\">BY\u6797\u5b50<\/a>\u300d\uff0c\u8f6c\u8f7d\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003<a href=\"http:\/\/www.gdyhsys.com\/copyright-statement\/\" title=\"\u7248\u6743\u58f0\u660e\">\u7248\u6743\u58f0\u660e<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>2015\u5e7411\u6708ThoughtWorks\u53d1\u5e03\u7684<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thoughtworks.com\/radar\">\u6280\u672f\u96f7\u8fbe<\/a>\u63d0\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u2014\u2014\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684QA\uff08<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thoughtworks.com\/radar\/techniques\/qa-in-production\">QA in Production<\/a>\uff09\uff0c2016\u5e744\u6708\u518d\u6b21\u63d0\u5230\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u6280\u672f\u96f7\u8fbe\uff0c\u5c31\u6df1\u6df1\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u4e86\u6211\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u6211\u5c31\u7ed9\u6d4b\u8bd5\u56e2\u961f\u6210\u5458\u8f6c\u53d1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u8111\u5b50\u91cc\u5374\u4ea7\u751f\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u7591\u95ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684QA\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u53c8\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u597d\u5904\uff1f<\/li>\n<li>\u5b83\u8ddf\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684QA\u6709\u4f55\u533a\u522b\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u5c31\u662f\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883QA\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5ef6\u4f38\uff1f<\/li>\n<li>\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u6709\u8fd0\u7ef4\u652f\u6301\u56e2\u961f\uff08Ops\uff09\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684QA\u8ddfOps\u6240\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u53c8\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\u4e0e\u8054\u7cfb\uff1f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5e26\u7740\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7591\u95ee\uff0c\u7ed3\u5408\u9879\u76ee\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5b9e\u8df5\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u6709\u4e86\u672c\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>01 \u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883Bug\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<p>\u5148\u6765\u8ddf\u5927\u5bb6\u5206\u4eab\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684Bug\uff1a<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u7ebf\u8ba2\u8d2d\u8461\u8404\u9152\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8ba2\u8d2d\u6d41\u7a0b\u76f8\u5bf9\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4e0b\u5355\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u540e\u53f0\u4f1a\u6709\u968f\u673a\u7684\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u662f\u91cd\u8bd5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u987e\u5ba2\u4e0b\u5355\u540e\uff0c\u540e\u53f0\u5982\u679c\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e0d\u505c\u7684\u91cd\u8bd5\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5bf9\u987e\u5ba2\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540e\u6765\u6709\u4e2a\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u4e0a\u7ebf\u4e86\uff0c\u987e\u5ba2\u4e0b\u5355\u540e\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u6709\u968f\u673a\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f9d\u7136\u4e0d\u505c\u7684\u91cd\u8bd5\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u6b21\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u662f\u6709\u7684\u968f\u673a\u5931\u8d25\uff0c\u4e0b\u5355\u5374\u80fd\u591f\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u5bfc\u81f4\u7528\u6237\u867d\u7136\u53ea\u8ba2\u8d2d\u4e00\u7bb1\u8461\u8404\u9152\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u540e\u53f0\u7684\u591a\u6b21\u91cd\u8bd5\u90fd\u6210\u529f\u4e86\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u6700\u7ec8\u62ff\u5230\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u597d\u51e0\u767e\u7bb1\u8461\u8404\u9152\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u4e25\u91cd\u4e14\u6602\u8d35\u7684Bug\uff01\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3aQA\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u60f3\u5230\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\uff1f<\/p>\n<h4>1. \u7011\u5e03\u5f0fQA\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<p>\u7011\u5e03\u5f0f\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u662f\u8ba1\u5212\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u662f\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u6587\u6863\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u627e\u5230\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u591a\u7684bug\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9636\u6bb5\u5904\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\u7ed3\u675f\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5bf9\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u675f\u4e4b\u540e\u53d1\u5e03\u4ea7\u54c1\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8461\u8404\u9152\u8ba2\u8d2d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684Bug\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u52a0\u5f3a\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4fdd\u8bc1\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7cfb\u7edf\u529f\u80fd\u8ddf\u9700\u6c42\u6587\u6863\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e9b<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ad_hoc_testing\">ad hoc\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/a>\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u53d1\u5e03\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c3d\u91cf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2. \u654f\u6377QA\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<p>\u654f\u6377\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5219\u63d0\u5021\u5c3d\u65e9\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3001\u9891\u7e41\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0cQA\u8981\u4ece\u9700\u6c42\u5206\u6790\u9636\u6bb5\u5c31\u5f00\u59cb\u4ecb\u5165\uff0cQA\u53c2\u4e0e\u4ece\u9700\u6c42\u5230\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e2d\u5404\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5728\u6574\u4e2aQA\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f1a\u4f9d\u636e<a href=\"http:\/\/lisacrispin.com\/2011\/11\/08\/using-the-agile-testing-quadrants\/\">\u654f\u6377\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8c61\u9650<\/a>\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\u91c7\u53d6\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1b\u8fd8\u4f1a\u6839\u636e<a href=\"http:\/\/martinfowler.com\/bliki\/TestPyramid.html\">\u6d4b\u8bd5\u91d1\u5b57\u5854<\/a>\u7684\u5206\u5c42\u6307\u5bfc\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5236\u5b9a\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u9879\u76ee\u8d28\u91cf\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u505a<a href=\"http:\/\/www.satisfice.com\/articles\/what_is_et.shtml\">\u63a2\u7d22\u6027\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/a>\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u53bb\u53d1\u73b0\u66f4\u591a\u4e0d\u6613\u53d1\u73b0\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u3002\u654f\u6377QA\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8461\u8404\u9152\u8ba2\u8d2d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684bug\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e5f\u65e0\u975e\u5c31\u662f\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e0a\u7ebf\u524d\u5404\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u53d1\u5e03\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u5904\u7406\u529e\u6cd5\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0a\u9762\u4e24\u79cd\u5f00\u53d1\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0cQA\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u90fd\u662f\u653e\u5728\u53d1\u5e03\u524d\u7684\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u8f83\u5c11\u8003\u8651\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u968f\u7740\u654f\u6377\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u6301\u7eed\u4ea4\u4ed8\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0cQA\u89d2\u8272\u9010\u6e10\u8f6c\u53d8\u5230\u9700\u8981\u5206\u6790\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ea7\u54c1\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u5165\u4ea7\u54c1\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u76d1\u63a7, \u5236\u5b9a\u68c0\u6d4b\u7d27\u6025\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u8b66\u62a5\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u6301\u7eed\u8d28\u91cf\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u4ee5\u53ca\u627e\u51fa\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5ea6\u91cf\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56de\u5230\u524d\u9762\u8461\u8404\u9152\u8ba2\u8d2d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u90a3\u4e2aBug\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u76d1\u63a7\u9884\u8b66\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba2\u5355\u8d2d\u4e70\u8461\u8404\u9152\u6570\u91cf\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u63a7\uff0c\u5c06\u80fd\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0bug\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bb9\u6613\u5728\u635f\u5931\u53d1\u751f\u4e4b\u524d\u53ca\u65f6\u963b\u6b62\u4ea7\u751f\u66f4\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u540e\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684QA\u5185\u5bb9\u4e4b\u4e00\uff01<\/p>\n<h3>02. \u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u7279\u70b9<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684QA\uff0c\u5148\u6765\u5206\u6790\u4e0b\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<h4>1. \u771f\u5b9e\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u7834\u574f<\/h4>\n<p>\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u90fd\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7528\u6237\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u652f\u6301\u4f01\u4e1a\u4e1a\u52a1\u8fd0\u8f6c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u610f\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u53bb\u505a\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u7834\u574f\u6027\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2. \u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u5dee\u5f02<\/h4>\n<p>\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5f80\u5f80\u6709\u7740\u6bd4\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u8981\u590d\u6742\u548c\u5065\u5168\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0d\u80fd\u9884\u6d4b\u5230\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>3. \u7cfb\u7edf\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/h4>\n<p>\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u591a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u96c6\u6210\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4f1a\u6bd4\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u9ad8\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u96c6\u6210\u5f88\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u4e9b\u610f\u5916\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>4. \u6570\u636e\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/h4>\n<p>\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u548c\u6570\u636e\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u4e5f\u662f\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u65e0\u6cd5\u6bd4\u62df\u7684\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u5f15\u53d1\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ec4\u5408\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>5. \u7528\u6237\u884c\u4e3a\u5343\u5947\u767e\u602a<\/h4>\n<p>\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5206\u5e03\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e60\u60ef\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7528\u6237\u884c\u4e3a\u5343\u5947\u767e\u602a\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u4f7f\u7528\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u610f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>6. \u8bbf\u95ee\u53d7\u9650<\/h4>\n<p>\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7531\u4e8e\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u4e1a\u52a1\u7ebf\u4e0a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u66f4\u9ad8\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709QA\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u4fbf\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbf\u95ee\u53d7\u9650\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f3a\u9677\u7684\u6392\u67e5\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u4fbf\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>7. \u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988<\/h4>\n<p>\u771f\u5b9e\u7528\u6237\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u771f\u5b9e\u800c\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u56e2\u961f\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u89e6\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\uff0cQA\u4e5f\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u83b7\u5f97\u7b2c\u4e00\u624b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53cd\u9988\u5e38\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u652f\u6301\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u8f6c\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u70b9\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86QA\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0d\u662f\u60f3\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5c31\u80fd\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u90a3\u5957\u8d28\u91cf\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u884c\u4e0d\u901a\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684QA\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u591a\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u6cae\u4e27\uff1f\u4e0d\u8981\u7740\u6025\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u72ec\u6709\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u54b1\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u770b\u770b\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff08\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662fQA\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>03. \u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h3>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u70b9\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86QA\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0d\u662f\u60f3\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5c31\u80fd\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u90a3\u5957\u8d28\u91cf\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u90fd\u884c\u4e0d\u901a\u4e86\u3002\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684QA\uff0c\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/li>\n<li>\u76d1\u63a7\u9884\u8b66<\/li>\n<li>\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\u6536\u96c6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>1. \u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h4>\n<p>\u524d\u9762\u8bb2\u5230\u4e0d\u80fd\u968f\u4fbf\u53bb\u64cd\u4f5c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u8fd8\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5462\uff1f<br \/>\n\u7684\u786e\u4e0d\u662f\u50cf\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u90a3\u6837\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\u548c\u7279\u5b9a\u6280\u672f\u7684\u91c7\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53ea\u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u53ef\u9694\u79bb\u7279\u6027\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/h5>\n<p>\u5728\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u771f\u5b9e\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u53ea\u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u9891\u7387\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u65f6\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u7684\u53ea\u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u3002<br \/>\n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6bd4\u8f83\u65b9\u4fbf\u9694\u79bb\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5229\u7528\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>\u84dd\u7eff\u90e8\u7f72\uff08Blue Green Deployment\uff09<\/h5>\n<p>\u84dd\u7eff\u90e8\u7f72\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd0\u884c\u4e24\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u201c\u84dd\u73af\u5883\u201d\u548c\u201c\u7eff\u73af\u5883\u201d\u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u505c\u673a\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b97\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u662f\u6d3b\u7684\uff0c\u6d3b\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u751f\u4ea7\u6d41\u91cf\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u7eff\u73af\u5883\u662f\u95f2\u7f6e\u7684\uff0c\u84dd\u73af\u5883\u662f\u6d3b\u7684\u3002\u90e8\u7f72\u65b0\u7684\u7248\u672c\u5230\u7eff\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7ed9\u771f\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u84dd\u73af\u5883\u5e26\u6765\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u84dd\u7eff\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5207\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d88\u9664\u7531\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90e8\u7f72\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u505c\u673a\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u84dd\u7eff\u90e8\u7f72\u53ef\u964d\u4f4e\u98ce\u9669\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u5728\u7eff\u73af\u5883\u4e0a\u53d1\u751f\u610f\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5207\u6362\u56de\u84dd\u73af\u5883\u7acb\u5373\u56de\u6eda\u5230\u4e0a\u4e00\u7248\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u63d0\u524d\u53d1\u73b0\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u90e8\u7f72\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>\u91d1\u4e1d\u96c0\u53d1\u5e03\uff08Canary release\uff09<\/h5>\n<p>\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u84dd\u7eff\u90e8\u7f72\u6709\u4e24\u5957\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u91d1\u4e1d\u96c0\u53d1\u5e03\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u8bf4\u7684\u7070\u5ea6\u53d1\u5e03\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u5957\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5148\u90e8\u7f72\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u5230\u5176\u4e2d\u90e8\u5206\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u6d4b\u8bd5\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff0c\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\u518d\u63a8\u5e7f\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u66f4\u591a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u53d1\u5e03\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2. \u76d1\u63a7\u9884\u8b66<\/h4>\n<p>\u524d\u9762\u8bb2\u5230\u4e0d\u80fd\u968f\u4fbf\u53bb\u64cd\u4f5c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53bb\u83b7\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5bf9\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u8b66\u3002\u63d0\u5230\u76d1\u63a7\u9884\u8b66\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u63d0\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u4e86\u89e3\u6216\u8005\u81f3\u5c11\u542c\u8bf4\u8fc7\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u548c\u7f51\u7ad9\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u505a\u597d\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684QA\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h5>\n<p>\u65e5\u5fd7\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u98de\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u9ed1\u5323\u5b50\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u548c\u5931\u8d25\u7b49\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5206\u6790\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u597d\u9884\u8b66\uff0c\u63d0\u524d\u9884\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u9884\u8b66\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5c06\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u963b\u6b62\u4e0d\u826f\u540e\u679c\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5927\u7684\u635f\u5931\uff1a\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u8461\u8404\u9152\u8ba2\u8d2d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u65e5\u5fd7\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd8\u6ca1\u66b4\u9732\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u63d0\u524d\u4fee\u590d\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u6307\u5bfc\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u54ea\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u6613\u51fa\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u76f8\u5e94\u8c03\u6574\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>\u7f51\u7ad9\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177<\/h5>\n<p>\u7f51\u7ad9\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u5de5\u5177\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6240\u80fd\u8bb0\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f\u4e5f\u6709\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u57fa\u672c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb0\u5f55\u5982\u4e0b\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n<li>\u7528\u6237\u884c\u4e3a\u4e60\u60ef\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5173\u952e\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u5173\u952e\u4e1a\u52a1\u6d41\u7a0b\u7b49<\/li>\n<li>\u7528\u6237\u6240\u5728\u5730\u533a\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u7b49\u533a\u57df\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n<li>\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u91cf\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u7f51\u7ad9\u6027\u80fd\u7b49<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5229\u7528\u7f51\u7ad9\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u8c03\u6574\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4fa7\u91cd\u70b9\uff0c\u6307\u5bfc\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1b\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u884c\u4e3a\u4e60\u60ef\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f18\u5316\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2. \u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988<\/h4>\n<p>\u4ecb\u7ecd\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7279\u70b9\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u63d0\u5230\u4e00\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u80fd\u591f\u6536\u5230\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u505a\u597d\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684QA\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53cd\u9988\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u4e60\u60ef\u7684\u5343\u5947\u767e\u602a\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u53cd\u9988\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5404\u79cd\u5404\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5229\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e25\u683c\u7684Triage\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u53cd\u9988\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u5e76\u76f8\u5e94\u5904\u7406\u3002\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u603b\u7ed3\u4e3a\u4e0b\u9762\u51e0\u7c7b\uff1a<\/p>\n<h5>\u7f3a\u9677<\/h5>\n<p>\u7528\u6237\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u7a33\u5b9a\u91cd\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u7f3a\u9677\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u662f\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u590d\u7684\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u548c\u4e25\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5b89\u6392\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u4fee\u590d\u8ba1\u5212\u5e76\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u590d\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u4fee\u590d\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u589e\u52a0\uff08\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\uff09\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u88ab\u518d\u6b21\u7834\u574f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u80fd\u591f\u7a33\u5b9a\u91cd\u73b0\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u5019\u8fd8\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u968f\u673a\u7684\u5931\u8d25\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u8461\u8404\u9152\u8ba2\u8d2d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684bug\uff09\u6216\u8005\u96be\u4ee5\u91cd\u73b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u5f88\u96be\u627e\u5230\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u53c8\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u5e26\u6765\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u723d\u3002\u5176\u5b9e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f3a\u9677\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u6839\u6e90\u53ef\u80fd\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u6df1\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5904\u7406\u529e\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u524d\u9762\u90e8\u5206\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u65e5\u5fd7\u5bf9\u76f8\u5173\u529f\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u9884\u8b66\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\u534f\u52a9\u627e\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u6839\u6e90\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>\u62b1\u6028<\/h5>\n<p>\u7528\u6237\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7531\u4e8e\u884c\u4e3a\u4e60\u60ef\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883\u7b49\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u603b\u4f1a\u6709\u5404\u79cd\u62b1\u6028\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4ee5\u975e\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5c45\u591a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6613\u7528\u6027\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u7b49\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u67d0\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e0d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u7528\u6237\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u62b1\u6028\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u975e\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u65b0\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u7528\u6237\u7684\u62b1\u6028\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5343\u5947\u767e\u602a\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684\u90fd\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5206\u7c7b\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u9700\u8981\u6539\u8fdb\u548c\u4fee\u590d\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u91c7\u53d6\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>\u5efa\u8bae<\/h5>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86\u53cd\u9988\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u63d0\u51fa\u62b1\u6028\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u9762\u63d0\u4e00\u4e9b\u5efa\u8bae\u3002\u4f46\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u6237\u5f88\u96be\u63d0\u51fa\u597d\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff0c\u8981\u60f3\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u524d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u597d\u95ee\u5377\u8fdb\u884c\u95ee\u5377\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u53bb\u6536\u96c6\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u8c08\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u53d1\u5e03\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u6536\u96c6\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5efa\u8bae\u7b49\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5bf9\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u53ef\u884c\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u6d41\u7a0b\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5229\u7528\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u6539\u8fdb\u7cfb\u7edf\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f18\u5316\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u6269\u5927\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u5e02\u573a\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u529b\u3002\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u6536\u96c6\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u6709\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Software_testing#Beta_testing\">Beta\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/a>\uff1a\u5f88\u591a\u6709\u524d\u77bb\u6027\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u4f1a\u53d1\u5e03\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u7ed9\u7279\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\uff08Beta\u7528\u6237\uff09\uff0c\u6536\u96c6\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/A\/B_testing\">AB\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/a>\uff1a\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u5e03\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u5f15\u5bfc\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u7edf\u8ba1\u4f7f\u7528\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e\uff1b<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/martinfowler.com\/bliki\/ObservedRequirement.html\">Observed Requirement<\/a>\uff1a\u53d1\u5e03\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u53d1\u5e03\u4e00\u4e2a<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Minimum_viable_product\">MVP<\/a>\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f15\u51fa\u5e76\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7528\u6237\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u76d1\u63a7\u9884\u8b66\u3001\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\u5e76\u4e0d\u662fQA\u80fd\u72ec\u7acb\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u4e0d\u540c\u89d2\u8272\u534f\u4f5c\uff0cQA\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e3b\u8981\u5145\u5f53\u5206\u6790\u8005\u548c\u534f\u8c03\u8005\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u5bf9\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d77\u5230\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u8ddfDEV\u4e00\u8d77\u8ba8\u8bba\u76d1\u63a7\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u628a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u878d\u5165\u5230\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u65e5\u5fd7\u80fd\u591f\u8bb0\u5f55\u5230\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8ddf\u8fd0\u7ef4\u56e2\u961f\u4e00\u8d77\u5206\u6790\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6307\u5bfc\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u5404\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u9884\u9632\u548c\u51cf\u5c11\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8ddf\u4e1a\u52a1\u5206\u6790\u4eba\u5458\u4e00\u8d77\u5206\u6790\u548c\u68b3\u7406\u4ece\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u63d0\u70bc\u51fa\u5408\u7406\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4f18\u5316\u4e1a\u52a1\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>04 \u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684QA\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u4e0a\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5<\/h3>\n<p>\u6211\u6240\u5728\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u79bb\u5cb8\u4ea4\u4ed8\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u654f\u6377\u5f00\u53d1\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u56db\u5468\u4e00\u6b21\u53d1\u5e03\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u90e8\u5458\u5de5\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u90e8\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u904d\u53ca\u5168\u7403\uff0c\u9879\u76ee\u6574\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u6301\u7eed\u4e86\u4e03\u5e74\u6709\u4f59\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5177\u5907\u524d\u9762\u6240\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u6bcf\u65e5\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u8fbe\u5230\u51e0\u5343\u6761\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u80fd\u5fcd\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u5404\u65b9\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f7f\u5f97\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684QA\u8fce\u6765\u4e86\u8bd5\u70b9\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u65f6\u673a\u3002\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684QA\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u9879\u76ee\u4e0a\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u3001Google Analytics\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u3001\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u9010\u4e2a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>1. \u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u548c\u4f18\u5316<\/h4>\n<p>\u65e2\u7136\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\uff0c\u9996\u5f53\u5176\u51b2\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e0b\u624b\u3002\u9879\u76ee\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177\u662f<a href=\"http:\/\/www.splunk.com\/\">Splunk<\/a>\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u5b98\u7f51\u3002\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7528Splunk\u901a\u8fc7\u6307\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u641c\u7d22\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u96c6\u91cc\u56db\u6761\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e71\u7801\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5c31\u662f\u4ee3\u8868\u6709\u56db\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u6bcf\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u90fd\u6709\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u70b9\u51fb\u6bcf\u6761\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5206\u6790\u548c\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u4e0a\u505a\u4e86\u5982\u4e0b\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n<h5>1) \u5206\u6790\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h5>\n<p>\u6bcf\u5929\u4f1a\u6709\u4e13\u4eba\u8d1f\u8d23\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u9ad8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7ed9\u56e2\u961f\u4fee\u590d\u3002QA\u4f1a\u534f\u52a9\u91cd\u73b0\u3001\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5e76\u8d1f\u8d23\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u590d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0cQA\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u6982\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u51fa\u54ea\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u7279\u6027\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bb9\u6613\u4ea7\u751f\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u8981\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u3002<br \/>\n\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u7531\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7b49\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u62c5\u5fc3\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u8005\u6709\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4e0a\u7ebf\u540e\u4f1a\u7740\u91cd\u5173\u6ce8\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u5206\u6790\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u5355\u72ec\u5bf9\u8be5\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u4ea7\u751f\u4e25\u91cd\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>2) \u76d1\u63a7\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h5>\n<p>\u628a\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5206\u6790\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5bf9\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u63a7\uff0c\u5c3d\u91cf\u628a\u73af\u5883\u65e0\u5173\u7531\u529f\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u627e\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5c3d\u65e9\u4fee\u590d\uff0c\u4e0d\u8ba9\u5176\u6d41\u843d\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u3002\u636e\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u4e24\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53d1\u73b0\u5e76\u4fee\u590d\u4e86\u597d\u51e0\u4e2a\u6f5c\u5728\u7684Bug\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>3) \u5229\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\u76d1\u63a7\u4e0d\u540c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u6027\u80fd<\/h5>\n<p>Ops\u5728Splunk\u91cc\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6709\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u7684Dashboard\uff0cQA\u4f1a\u5b9a\u671f\u4ece\u91cc\u8fb9\u62ff\u51fa\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5361\u7531\u5f00\u53d1\u56e2\u961f\u6765\u505a\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u4f18\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>4) \u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u6807\u51c6\u5316<\/h5>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u73b0\u6709\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b58\u5728\u5982\u4e0b\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b58\u50a8\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0d\u7edf\u4e00\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6ca1\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7Splunk\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u5206\u6790\u6210\u672c\u7684\u589e\u52a0\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u8bb0\u5f55\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u65e5\u5fd7\u867d\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7Splunk\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6ca1\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u9519\u8bef\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684message\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662fPost\u8bf7\u6c42\u6ca1\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u8f93\u5165\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6392\u67e5\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u96be\u5ea6\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\u5b9a\u4e49\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u6ca1\u6709\u5230\u8fbe\u9519\u8bef\u7ea7\u522b\uff08error\uff09\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e5f\u8bb0\u6210\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\uff08error\uff09\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u6570\u91cf\u5927\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u66f4\u8f7b\u677e\u3001\u8ba9\u65e5\u5fd7\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u56e2\u961f\u8ba8\u8bba\u5e76\u8fbe\u6210\u5171\u8bc6\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u7edf\u4e00\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5c3d\u91cf\u8bb0\u5f55\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5e2e\u52a9\u540e\u671f\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u6e05\u6670\u5b9a\u4e49\u5404\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b\uff08Debug\uff0cInfo\uff0cWarning\uff0cError\uff0cCritical\uff0cFatal\uff09\uff0c\u5c06\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u8bef\u8bb0\u6210\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u964d\u4f4e\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7ea7\u522b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u5219\u4e25\u683c\u6309\u7167\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ea7\u522b\u8bb0\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>QA\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6545\u4e8b\uff08Story\uff09\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u673a\u9a8c\u6536\uff08Dev-box Testing or Desk Check\uff09\u9636\u6bb5\u8d1f\u8d23\u8ddf\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u786e\u8ba4\u76f8\u5173\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u76d1\u63a7\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ca\u65f6\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2. Google Analytics\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/analytics.google.com\/\">Google Analytics<\/a>\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b80\u79f0GA\uff09\u662f\u9879\u76ee\u7528\u6765\u7edf\u8ba1\u7f51\u7ad9\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4eceGA\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u5f88\u591a\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5206\u6790\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5b9e\u8df5\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0bQA\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u5757\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u505a\u4e86\u4e0b\u9762\u51e0\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n<h5>1) 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\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u53d8\u5316\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u89c4\u907f\u6027\u80fd\u98ce\u9669<\/h5>\n<p>QA\u5b9a\u671f\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7ad9\u5e73\u5747\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u76d1\u63a7\u6027\u80fd\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8981\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8\u90a3\u4e9b\u8bbf\u95ee\u975e\u5e38\u6162\u7684\u9875\u9762\u6216\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u521b\u5efa\u6027\u80fd\u7f3a\u9677\u5361\uff0c\u7531\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u6765\u8c03\u67e5\u5206\u6790\u5e76\u4fee\u590d\u6216\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>7) \u786e\u4fddGA\u80fd\u591f\u7edf\u8ba1\u5230\u6240\u6709\u9700\u8981\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u529f\u80fd<\/h5>\n<p>GA\u6570\u636e\u867d\u7136\u5f88\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u524d\u63d0\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8981\u786e\u4fddGA\u5d4c\u5165\u5230\u4e86\u5404\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6216\u9875\u9762\uff0cQA\u5728\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u9700\u8981\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u56fe\u4e3a\u4eceGA\u62ff\u5230\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5206\u5e03\u60c5\u51b5\u548c\u9875\u9762\u5e73\u5747\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>3. \u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5206\u6790<\/h4>\n<p>\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u56e2\u961f\u7684\u6211\u4eec\u57fa\u672c\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u89e6\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ec8\u7aef\u7528\u6237\u7684\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u53d7\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5ba2\u6237\u7684Ops\u56e2\u961f\uff0cQA\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0b\u9762\u51e0\u4e2a\u9014\u5f84\u53bb\u534f\u52a9\u5206\u6790\u548c\u68b3\u7406\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\uff1a<\/p>\n<h5>1) \u8ddfOps\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u5b9a\u671f\u6c9f\u901a\u4f1a\u8bae<\/h5>\n<p>QA\u4f1a\u5b9a\u671f\u8ddf\u5ba2\u6237\u7684Ops\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u4eba\u5458\u6c9f\u901a\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u4e8e\u73b0\u6709\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u89c6\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5c06\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9\u505a\u51fa\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8c03\u6574\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>2) \u57f9\u8badOps\u4eba\u5458<\/h5>\n<p>\u6307\u5bfc\u548c\u534f\u52a9\u5ba2\u6237Ops\u4eba\u5458\u5229\u7528<a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ishikawa_diagram\">\u9c7c\u9aa8\u56fe\uff08Fishbone Diagram\uff09<\/a>\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u5c06\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u8ddf\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8986\u76d6\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u8584\u5f31\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u5e76\u505a\u51fa\u6539\u8fdb\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e2a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u51fa\u73b0\u7684bug\u6bd4\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5219\u8981\u52a0\u5f3a\u8be5\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u51fa\u73b0\u9891\u7387\u9ad8\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u5f97\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u6ce8\u610f\u8986\u76d6\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6237\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u5219\u51cf\u5f31\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6d4b\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u90a3\u7c7b\u89d2\u8272\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>3) \u8c03\u67e5\u548c\u8ddf\u8e2a\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883Bug<\/h5>\n<p>\u5e2e\u52a9\u91cd\u73b0\u548c\u8c03\u67e5\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883Bug\uff0c\u5e76\u8d1f\u8d23\u8ddf\u8e2a\u4fee\u590d\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff1b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u96be\u4ee5\u91cd\u73b0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5219\u6dfb\u52a0\u65e5\u5fd7\u76d1\u63a7\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u4fe1\u606f\u627e\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u6839\u6e90\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>4) \u534f\u52a9\u68b3\u7406\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42<\/h5>\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8981\u589e\u52a0\u67d0\u4e2a\u65b0\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237Product Owner\uff08\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7b80\u79f0PO\uff09\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u4e1a\u52a1\u4eba\u5458\u8ddf\u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u4e00\u8d77\u6c9f\u901a\u8be5\u529f\u80fd\u76f8\u5173\u4e1a\u52a1\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e60\u60ef\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0cQA\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5c3d\u529b\u53c2\u4e0e\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u6536\u96c6\u7528\u6237\u7b2c\u4e00\u624b\u9700\u6c42\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u540e\u671f\u8be5\u4e1a\u52a1\u529f\u80fd\u5f00\u53d1\u65f6\u5019\u7684QA\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c06\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u800c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\uff0cPO\u53ef\u80fd\u4e00\u65f6\u4e5f\u62ff\u4e0d\u5b9a\u4e3b\u610f\u8981\u505a\u6210\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u5b50\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u53d1\u5e03MVP\u7684\u7248\u672c\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\uff0cQA\u534f\u52a9\u4e1a\u52a1\u4eba\u5458\u5206\u6790\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u540e\u7684\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u68b3\u7406\u66f4\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u7528\u6237\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>05 \u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684QA\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7279\u70b9<\/h3>\n<h4>1. \u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684QA<\/h4>\n<p>\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684QA\u662f\u8ddf\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684QA\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e3b\u52a8\u7684\u53bb\u6d4b\u8bd5\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u76d1\u63a7\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u6536\u96c6\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u5bf9\u53cd\u9988\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u5e76\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8ba9\u4ea7\u54c1\u8d28\u91cf\u83b7\u5f97\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684QA\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883QA\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u540e\u5ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u6709\u7740\u81ea\u5df1\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>2. \u4e0d\u80fd\u72ec\u7acb\u5b58\u5728<\/h4>\n<p>\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684QA\u6240\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6807\u51c6\u662f\u6839\u636e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u5728\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u5404\u9879\u53cd\u9988\u7684\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u53c8\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u9884\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684QA\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u662f\u76f8\u8f85\u76f8\u6210\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u826f\u6027\u73af\u8def\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u628a\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684QA\u505a\u597d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>3. \u6709\u522b\u4e8eOps<\/h4>\n<p>\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u8bbe\u7f6e\u76d1\u63a7\u9884\u8b66\u548c\u6536\u96c6\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\u4e0d\u90fd\u662fOps\u56e2\u961f\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5417\uff1f\u8fd8\u8981QA\u53c2\u4e0e\u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u90a3\u662f\u56e0\u4e3aQA\u6709\u7740\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u89c6\u89d2\uff0cQA\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5206\u6790\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u53cd\u9988\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7ed3\u5408\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53cd\u9988\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u7684QA\u5e26\u7740QA\u548cOps\u7684\u5e3d\u5b50\uff0c\u517c\u5177QA\u548cOps\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u804c\u8d23\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eQAOps\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u73b0\u5728\u90fd\u63d0\u5021\u4e0d\u8981\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684DevOps\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u4e0d\u8981\u72ec\u7acb\u7684QAOps\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u8ba9QA\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89d2\u8272\u53ef\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5ef6\u4f38\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662fQA\u3002<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h4>4. \u8ddfAPM\u7684\u4fa7\u91cd\u70b9\u4e0d\u540c<\/h4>\n<p>\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u4eba\u4f1a\u89c9\u5f97\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684QA\u8ddfAPM\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u4e4b\u5904\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u8fd9\u6837\u89e3\u91ca<a href=\"http:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Application_performance_management\">APM<\/a>\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIn the fields of information technology and systems management, application performance management (APM) is the monitoring and management of performance and availability of software applications. 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